Evolution Icon Evolution
Intelligent Design Icon Intelligent Design

Nylon and Nylonase: Ann Gauger Disentangles an Evolutionary Icon

Nylon

Nylon is a human-synthesized substance. It’s familiar from ladies’ stockings and a variety of other uses, from toothbrush bristles to car parts.

It didn’t exist until 1935 because it hadn’t been invented. Thus a strain of bacteria capable of digesting it would evidently need to do something novel that no bacteria had done before. When Japanese scientists in 1975 discovered such a bacterium at work, Darwinists later brandished this. They said it showed evolving new proteins is a breeze.

The nylon-degrading enzyme nylonase arose in the course of 40 years. That sounds like a score for evolution, right? Indeed, our theistic evolutionary friends over at BioLogos were in a triumphant mood on the subject a little while back on their Open Forum (“Biological Information and Intelligent Design: evolving new protein folds“).

Now they had Doug Axe on protein evolution, and by extension Stephen Meyer, beat! Writes biologist Dennis Venema:

Meyer’s argument (based on Axe) is that protein folds are too rare for evolution to find. The amino acids in the de-novo nylonase are a new sequence of amino acids — the frameshift mutation means that the old gene is being translated in a different reading frame, hence a new string of amino acids. This new, de novo, protein folds up into a functional nylonase.

If Meyer’s argument was correct, this could not happen. The probability of these new amino acids finding a functional sequence is, according to Meyer, only one in 10 to the 77th power. So, the fact that we can observe new functions coming into being shows that his estimate is grossly over-inflated.

In a brief window of time, some bacteria developed the ability to consume nylon. Ergo, no need for intelligent design in biology?

Not so fast, explains Discovery Institute biologist Ann Gauger. In an ID the Future conversation, she talked with Sarah Chaffee. Conclusion: “Nylonase was a pre-existing enzyme, had a pre-existing activity. It was easy to convert it to the ability to degrade nylon [by a] step-wise path. Therefore, there’s no reason to think that the enzyme is a newly derived enzyme from a frame shift. We don’t need that explanation.”

In short, as an icon of evolution, nylonase has no legs. Listen to the podcast here, or download it here.

Photo credit: Inspecting nylon stockings, Sweden, 1954, by Erik Liljeroth, Nordiska Museet [CC BY 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons.

David Klinghoffer

Senior Fellow and Editor, Evolution News
David Klinghoffer is a Senior Fellow at Discovery Institute and the editor of Evolution News & Science Today, the daily voice of Discovery Institute’s Center for Science & Culture, reporting on intelligent design, evolution, and the intersection of science and culture. Klinghoffer is also the author of six books, a former senior editor and literary editor at National Review magazine, and has written for the Los Angeles Times, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Seattle Times, Commentary, and other publications. Born in Santa Monica, California, he graduated from Brown University in 1987 with an A.B. magna cum laude in comparative literature and religious studies. David lives near Seattle, Washington, with his wife and children.

Share

Tags

Ann GaugerDouglas Axeintelligent designnylonnylonaseprotein evolutionSarah ChaffeeStephen Meyer