Tag: sodium
Appreciating the Irreducibly Complex Design of Salmon Osmoregulation
Three main things must occur for the young salmon, called a smolt, to prepare for life in the salty ocean.
Nearly All of Evolution Is Best Explained by Engineering
Transposable elements modify gene regulation in maize to confer drought tolerance, alter flowering time, and enable plants to grow in toxic aluminum soils.
Blood Pressure — And Genuflecting to Evolution
Systems biologists assume for the sake of research that a biological system under investigation is optimally engineered.
Glaciers Enhance the Biosphere — By Design
Glacial meltwater performs unexpected and surprising roles that benefit life on earth.
Security Gates in the Cell
A key characteristic of life is active transport: control over what enters and exits the cell. Closer looks reveal exquisite “selectivity filters” with moving parts that make active transport work.